Those
of us with memories past yesterday may remember Sgt. Joe Friday of TV’s Dragnet say, “All we want are the
facts.” While many people may not know it,
facts are what Flagstaff ’s
National Weather Service gathers in addition to forecasting the weather. The facts are accurate while the forecasting,
as with all predictions, is occasionally, though seldom, iffy. Since the future doesn’t exist, it’s unknown,
and forecasting is a step into the unknown, a leap of faith. Belief isn’t an act of knowledge, but rather an
act of anticipation.
Just as predicting
human behavior largely relies on past behavior, so forecasting requires
knowledge of the past. The NWS’s facts
are on its website www.wrh.noaa.gov/wrh/techMemos/TM-273.pdf. It offers all manner of statistics on Flagstaff ’s climate. It’s the “NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS
WR-273 Flagstaff, Arizona (Revision 6) 2009.”
Getting the facts
right is important in gardening. Amongst
the facts of gardening are soil, fertilizer, water, and climate. This is especially true about onions, the
world’s second most popular vegetable.
The
soil needed for onions is easy, friable, as in easily flowing through the
gardener’s fingers. The fertilizer is
also easy. Since onions are really a
bundle of leaves, such as grass and lettuce, they need a high nitrogen
fertilizer. As for water, they need
plenty of it so it’s best to grow them in trenches so that the water won’t run
off but rather run down and sink in.
The
bugaboo is climate. The word climate
covers a multitude of sins, such as temperature, sunlight, snow and rain,
monsoons, drought, and what-have-you. As
for onions, the issue isn’t temperatures, but sunlight, actually the hours of
sunlight in a day, and this is where the NWS’s facts are not only useful but also
imperative.
One
of the unpleasantries most frequently practiced by farmers, ranchers, and
gardeners is whining. It may be because
they’re often the victims of the vagaries of the weather, a problem over which
they have no control. In Flagstaff , they whine
mostly about the short growing season by which they mean days free of freeze
and frost. Sometimes, when it hails, they’re
whining turns into cursing, a worse unpleasantry.
Growing
onions in Flagstaff
isn’t limited to 90 days free of frost and freeze. Onions depend upon the hours of sunlight in a
day. The right number of days with enough
sunlight start about the Ides of March, the 15th, and this is where
the National Weather Service comes in.
Generally,
there are two types of onions, short-day, which require 14-16 hours of sunlight
a day, and long-day, which require about 10-12.
The 36th parallel is the demarcation line used to distinguish
short-days and long-days. The 36th
parallel runs along the South Rim of the Grand Canyon . Flagstaff
sits on the fence between short-day and long-day, horticultural mugwumps with
our mugs north of the 36th and our wumps south. So we are left with what some call
“intermediate” onions.
The
easiest and most productive onions to plant are onion sets
which are really immature onion bulbs. Seeds
are chancy. The sets can be
purchased locally or on-line, such as Brown’s of
them about one inch deep and five inches apart. If spring onions are desired, plant
them three inches apart pulling every other one in the spring.
Some of the
“intermediate” sweet onions are TX 1015-Y, Super Sweet, and the long-day Walla Walla which does
well for the “intermediates.” If
loneliness is not a disadvantage, sweet onions can be eaten raw, like an apple,
carrot, or tomato, once the outer leaves and dirt have been removed.
Heroically
compiled by Mike Staudemaier, Jr., Reginald Preston, and Paul Sorenson of the National
Weather Service, the memorandum sets out on page 70 the exact facts on hours of
sunlight in Flagstaff
for every day of the year. This is where
a gardener can find March 15 for “intermediate” onions. It also may mean planting onions sets in the
dank and drear of mid-March with cold-numbed fingers in frigid mud mixed with
left-over snow. But what the hell? It means extending the growing season by
three months. No pain, no gain.
Copyright
© Dana Prom Smith 2014
Dana Prom Smith and Freddi Steele edit Gardening Etcetera for the Arizona Daily Sun. Smith emails at stpauls@npgcable.com and blogs at http://highcountrygardner.blogspot.com.